Renewable energy sources are gaining increasing importance in the global pursuit of sustainable development. Among these, biodiesel stands out as a promising alternative to conventional fossil fuels. Biodiesel is typically produced from vegetable oils through a process known as transesterification, which yields fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). Thes

Carbon dot nanomaterials (CDNs) have emerged as a promising class of nanomaterials with a broad spectrum of applications in various fields. These remarkably fluorescent nanoparticles exhibit unique optical, electronic, and catalytic properties that arise from their inherent structure and surface chemistry. These tunable size, shape, and compos

Copper foam is an innovative material with a unique combination of properties that make it ideal for a wide range of applications. Its lightweight nature allows for easy integration in various designs, while its remarkable durability ensures long-lasting performance even under demanding conditions. The open cellular structure of copper foam provide